peirce



. UNITED STATES 7 \MES PATENT OFFIC S. PEIRCE, OF PORTSMOUTH, XE HAMPSHIRE.

ARTIFICIAL STONE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 282,219, dated July 31, 1883. i

' Application filed May 3 1888. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1; JAMES S. PEIRCE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ports mouth, in the county of Rockingham and State of New Hampshire, have invented certain. new and useful Improvements in Artificial Stone; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention has for its object the produc tion of an artificial stone suitable for building and paring purposes, possessing strength and hardness, and free from efllorescence when exposed to air; and it consists in the combination of ingredients, ashereinai'ter particularly described, and then sought to be specifically defined by the claims.

In preparing the com position I take of Portland or other good cement two parts, clean silicious sand, two parts, gravel, or rock broken into small pieces, two parts, and water thirty to forty parts. To the abovel add. offinely-powdered porcelain and calcined lime two parts each, andof silicate of soda one part. The materials, combined as specified, are thoroughly intermingled in any suitable vessel, by compression and agitation produced by any suita bio stirrer and ponndcr, for a period suificient to thoroughly lubricate the stone, sand, and gravel with the cementing ingredients, and to bring the particles into close, compact union, and are then formed into blocks in any suitable mold, and then letting them stand from three to the days till they are thoroughly set and hardened, during which time the stone may be wet with water several times a day without in j nry by ramming it compactly therein. Instead of forming it into blocks, the composition may be formed directly into walls or pavements, and any desired color may be given to it by the addition of the proper coloring-matter.

The composite stone may be appliedto any of the uses made of stone and brick such, for instance, as for building and paving purposes.

I have given the proportions of ingredients which I have found to give the best results; but variations therefrom not impairing the quality without departing from my invention, and instead of silicate of sodaihere maybe employed silicate of potash. 1 By using lime and porcelaintogether in the composition the materials are. set, hardened, and strengthened better than by the substitution of any other material for either, and by the addition of the silicate of soda to the per celain and lime, and using it with the other ingredients or their equivalents, the composi tion is prevented from sweating, which would otherwise occur on exposure to the atmosphere, and it further n'cvents the absorption of moisture.

Having described my invention and set forth its merits, what I claim is I l. An artificial stone having as ingredients powdered porcelain and calcined lime, {is specified.

2.- An artificial stone having as ingredients powdered porcelain, calcined lime, and silicute of soda or potash, as specified.

3. An artificial stone composed of cement. silieious sand, gravel, or broken stone, and calcined lime, powdered porcelain, and silicate of soda or potash, as specified.

In testimony whereof ll afiix my signat me i presence of two witnesses.

GALYIN PAcn,

lnoncn \V. Pr! zz-cn.

of the composition may be resorted to Cofrptidfi'in Letter Patent No. 282,219.

Y a n is hereby certified that in Lettrs Pabepfi No. 282,219, ramd July 31, 1383, w

James S. Peirce, of Portsmouth, N. H., for al improvement in Artificial Stung, urrurs appear in lines 34' and 38, 0f the printed specification forming a. part of said path-alt, mqui ring correction, as follows: The words by ramming it compactly therein slr'uuld be omitted after the wor l injury, in line 38, and inserted after the word mold, in line 34, al 'ul that; the specification should be read with this con ecfiiol l therein t ngnake it conform with the reooxfl of the case in the Patent Office.

Si'lgneQ, wunfcrsignml, and sealed this 7th da v of Angus}: A. D. 1883.

[SEAL] M. L. JOSLYN,

. Acting Secretary of the Interior. Umuntorsigned:

E. M. MAR LE,

Commissioner of Patents. 

